![]() ![]() ![]() However, we found that older people showed much lower stress levels, used community parks more frequently, and engaged in more outdoor activities than younger adults. There was no significant association between stress level and the use of community parks or the engagement in outdoor activities. Respondents had generally reduced their use of community parks and engagement in outdoor activity. We found that the overall self-reported stress level of the respondents was relatively moderate during the lockdown period. All results have been further analysed by two-sampled t-test to explore the difference between young and old age groups. Ordinary Least Squares regression was used to analyse the association between community park use, outdoor activity, willingness to engage in outdoor activity, and stress level. An online questionnaire survey ( n = 1342) was carried out from 23 March to 23 April 2020. This study aimed to investigate to what extent urban residents in China used community parks, engaged in outdoor activity during the lockdown period (23 January–8 April 2020) and if the use of such spaces helped to reduce their stress levels. Since most public parks were closed, community parks within gated residential areas became the most important green space in Chinese cities, and the use of such space might help to reduce the residents’ stress levels. 5School of Design and Art, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, Chinaĭuring the pandemic lockdown period, residents had to stay at home and increased stress and other mental health problems have been associated with the lockdown period.4Business School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.3Faculty of Horticulture, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.2OPENspace Research Centre, Edinburgh College of Art, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.1Edinburgh College of Art, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.Ni Kang 1, Simon Bell 2, Catharine Ward Thompson 2, Mengmeng Zheng 3, Ziwei Xu 4 and Ziwen Sun 5* ![]()
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